What first layer height should I use?

A good starting point is 75% of your nozzle diameter. For a 0.4mm nozzle, that is 0.3mm. This gives enough squish for adhesion without being so thin that it struggles to extrude evenly.

Why is the first layer wider than normal?

A wider first layer (typically 120% of nozzle diameter) increases the contact area with the bed. More contact means better adhesion and a more stable foundation for the rest of the print.

Should I print the first layer slower?

Yes. Printing the first layer at 15-25mm/s gives the filament more time to bond with the bed surface. Faster speeds increase the risk of the first layer peeling up or not sticking properly.

What is the squish factor?

Squish factor is the ratio of first layer height to nozzle diameter, expressed as a percentage. At 75%, the filament is slightly compressed against the bed, creating a wider, flatter bead with better adhesion.

3DPrintCalcs

First Layer Settings Calculator

Optimise first layer height, width, temperature and speed for strong bed adhesion.

Nozzle SizeSelect the size

MaterialSelect the material type

Bed SurfaceSelect an option for bed surface

How We Calculate This

Calculations

First layer height = Nozzle diameter \u00D7 0.75
First layer width = Nozzle diameter \u00D7 1.20
Bed temperature = Material base + Surface adjustment
Nozzle temperature = Material base + 5\u00B0C (first layer boost)
Speed = 20mm/s base \u00D7 Material speed factor

Z-offset and flow rate adjustments are applied to calculate the effective first layer height.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: March 2026

All calculations are estimates. Always verify settings with test prints before committing to final prints.